Less-than-truckload carrier ABF Freight ran a battery-electric Tesla Semi in a three-week pilot program that included over-the-road routes and regional runs.

ABF operated a Tesla Semi across typical dispatch lanes, including over-the-road routes between service centers in Reno, Nevada, and Sacramento, California. The pilot also included regional runs in the Bay Area and rail shuttle operations.

The electric Semi logged 4,494 miles, averaging 321 miles per day with an overall energy efficiency of 1.55 kWh per mile, according to the company.

The vehicle performed well across a variety of routes — including the 7,200-foot climb over Donner Pass — and generally matched the performance of its diesel counterparts. 

Driver feedback was positive, with operators noting the vehicle’s comfort, safety and ease of use. Features like the center seat configuration, wide visibility and intuitive controls contributed to strong driver experience, according to the company.

Did The Tesla Semi Match Diesel-Truck Performance?

“We’re not looking for a truck that performs well ‘for an EV,’” said Matt Godfrey, ABF Freight president. “It must meet or exceed the performance and total cost of ownership targets of our most efficient diesel units. This pilot gives us great insight into the potential of EV semis in our operations.”

While the pilot demonstrated strong performance and driver acceptance in ABF's LTL operations, it also highlighted the need for continued development of charging infrastructure to support broader deployment across longer routes, ABF noted.

The vehicle showed meaningful progress in areas such as range, charging efficiency and driver support, the company said, reinforcing the value of continued evaluation.

ArcBest: The Path to Decarbonization

ABF Freight is part of ArcBest, which said in a news release that the pilot reflects the company’s ongoing commitment to exploring emerging technologies that support operational efficiency and environmental responsibility.

This pilot builds on ArcBest’s broader efforts to explore electric vehicles across its operations. 

The company currently operates nine electric yard tractors, two electric forklifts and two Class 6 electric straight trucks.

ArcBest said it will continue to assess the long-term viability of Class 8 EVs within its fleet, with a focus on leveraging innovation to improve efficiency, reduce emissions and deliver sustainable logistics solutions that create value for customers.

“Freight transportation is a vital part of the global economy, and we know it also plays a significant role in overall greenhouse gas emissions,” said Dennis Anderson, ArcBest chief innovation officer.

“While the path to decarbonization presents complex challenges — such as infrastructure needs and alternative fuel development — it also opens the door to innovation. Vehicles like the Tesla Semi highlight the progress being made and expand the boundaries of what’s possible as we work toward a more sustainable future for freight.”