Almost 56% of commercial driver medical exams showed medical history errors by either drivers or certified medical examiners, according to a recent study by the American Journal of Industrial Medicine.

This statistic should raise concerns for motor carriers — especially since any questionable certification decision made from bad information doesn't relieve them from potential liability for a crash.

What Did The Study Reveal About DOT Driver Medical Forms? 

The December 2024study (Retrospective Quality Review of Department of Transportation Commercial Drivers Medical Examination Forms) was the first to examine the health history of DOT medical examination report forms, or long forms.

Its review of 1,603 examination forms from exams conducted by 367 certified medical examiners in 2019 also found that:

• Certified medical examiners completed the MER incompletely or incorrectly in 30% of examinations.

• Drivers inconsistently filled out their health history with elaborations 39% of the time.

• Drivers failed to elaborate when a driver indicated “yes” on the health history, indicating that they have or had the condition, in 29% of examinations.

• Both drivers and certified medical examiners made errors in the same exam in 13% of cases.

Other types of errors were found, as well. 

Why Accurate Driver Medical Exam Forms Are So Important

Inaccurate or inadequate medical exam documentation may understate the risk of a medical condition or treatment. This could negatively affect:

• The quality of care and monitoring for current conditions.

• Future medical certifications for the affected driver.

• Subsequent litigation.

Accurate exam forms are also essential given these points:

• The average age of drivers in the trucking industry hovers around 50 years old and chronic medical conditions can worsen with age.

• The 2024 update of the Medical Advisory Board’s CME Handbook stressed that nearly all certification decisions are based on the driver’s circumstances and CME discretion.

• FMCSA can review exam results and disqualify drivers who should not have been certified.

Recent Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration data showed that 40% of medical certifications are issued for one year or less to monitor serious conditions that can lead to a crash, such as cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and obstructive sleep apnea.

How Can Motor Carriers Reduce the Risk of Inaccurate Driver Medical Exams?

Motor carriers are accountable for crashes caused by a medical condition, so it’s important to reduce the risk posed by inaccurate medical exams.

Here are three ways carriers can lower the risk of errors and omissions made during exams:

1. Require drivers to use a preferred CME organization for exams instead of accepting a driver’s current medical certification at hire.

2. Consider paying for or subsidizing the cost of new hire and recertification exams at a preferred provider.

3. Review long forms for irregularities only after obtaining driver consent and following applicable medical privacy laws.

About the Author: Lucero Truszkowski joined safety and compliance consulting firm J.J. Keller & Associates as an associate editor in 2022. Her expertise includes process documentation, plain-English writing, and translating complex concepts for customers across a spectrum of subjects, including transportation, human resources, and driver training.This article was authored and edited according to Heavy Duty Trucking’s editorial standards and style to provide useful information to our readers. Opinions expressed may not reflect those of HDT.